Literacy Criticism of Woody Allen film Manhattan Essay

Proficiency Criticism of Woody Allen film Manhattan - Essay Example . what's more, um... the second development of the Jupiter Symphony... what's more, um... Louis Armstrong, recording of Potato Head Blues... um... Swedish motion pictures, normally... Nostalgic Education by Flaubert... uh... Marlon Brando, Frank Sinatra... um... those unfathomable Apples and Pears by Cezanne... uh... the crabs at Sam Wos... uh... Tracys face.. This discourse of Isaac (Woody Allen) uncovered the way of thinking and theory of the film Manhattan. It revealed Isaac’s ordinary understanding of life that he needs to make a â€Å"fantasy† to make presence tolerable. In the event that we notice the substance of his discourse, there is nothing powerful about it except for is somewhat limited to the feel of life, for example, Groucho Marx, Wilie Mays, second development of the Jupiter Symphony, Louis Armstrong, recording of Potato Head Blues, Swedish motion pictures, Sentimental Education by Flaubert, Marlon Brando, Frank Sinatra, the crabs at Sam Wo and Tracy’s face (his multi year old darling whom he separated to have a relationship with Mary and later endeavored to return at her). It additionally uncovered Woody Allen’s (who happened to compose the film likewise) aesthetic tendency of his translation about existence. The delay, content and appearing disjointedness of this discourse places that for an individual living in a city like Manhattan have a significance throughout everyday life, one needs to make a fanstasy, loaded up with guilty pleasure (Crabs at Wo’s) and style. For Woody Allen, life is fundamentally aimless that one needs to search for interruptions through dream to fill the void. In Allen’s viewpoint, this interruptions will get our brain far from the appalling truth and certainties of life. That after the entirety of our interest, passing will in the end come after an inescapable affliction, and we will all bite the dust. That is the way things are, that we should engage ourselves in the middle. While I respect the masterful rendering of Woody Allen’s film Manhattan, I don't really concur with his postulation that we need to divert ourselves from the

Starbucks Alignment Goals Strategic Goals -Myassognmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Starbucks Alignment Goals Strategic Goals? Answer: Presentation In estimating the arrangement of Starbucks Human Resource objectives, with association methodology, it is imperative to inspect the companys HR objectives so as to find out the degree to which they spread the extent of the companys key objectives, vision and mission. With its global nearness, Starbucks HR work includes enrollment and determination, wellbeing and soundness of the laborers, preparing and improvement, just as work connections (Jack J. Phillips, 2016). Furthermore, Starbucks is centered around re-appropriating of its capacities in abroad in accordance with the companys key development plan. The Human asset office has been viable in adjusting the HR objectives to authoritative procedure as pondered the as of late announced companys most reduced turnover rate. The companys HR technique of holding workers has put the HR division on a high platform as far as dynamic as thought about the top notch execution of the organization. Starbucks values the HR office in light of the fact that as per its proprietor Howard Schultz, the human asset office is the most significant resource of the association (Director, Cascio, Boudreau, 2013). In such manner, the human asset office has after some time been overseen in a way that mirrors the hierarchical objectives so as to have an upper hand over its rivals. To improve a constructive result, the organization has placed accentuation of enlistment so as to create a pool of qualified, moral and people with trustworthiness in conveying the administrations to the admirers of espresso and different drinks that Starbucks gives on retail. For example, Starbucks has set up a specific models of determination with the end goal that the people chose as representatives must fit the lawful necessities and the board objectives. In addition, it is a prerequisite that the chose people must be fruitful on their activity so as to drive the companys shared destinations and objectives to the following level (Niven Lamorte, 2016). Such individuals must be focused on conveyance of amazing t administrations and the individuals who focus on fine subtleties and clients needs. HR the executives in any association is esteemed as an accomplice to driving the authoritative procedure in conveying key changes. For example, Starbucks has an exceptionally low consistency standard of representatives since they offer preparing open doors for worker advancement. When representatives are prepared, the companys standard for dependability diminishes as they can work across other system of establishments. The way that Starbucks representatives are employable over the scope of establishments raises the companys notoriety and its worth changes. The part of conveying the best assistance regarding quality espresso mug just as the capacity to collaborate with clients is one of the significant HR accomplishments in driving change which is profoundly steady and adjusted to the companys objective of being giving the best help and demystifying the refreshment administration. The utilization of frameworks point of view in adjusting HR objectives and hierarchical technique is fundamental since it helps in making sense of how to change the framework so as to improve the arrangement. A ton of interrelationships are made inside the HR framework and between the organizations technique and HR framework (Becker, Huselid, Ulrich, 2001). Utilization of frameworks see in adjusting HR objectives and firms technique is better done through improvement of System Alignment Map which has the accompanying advantages It helps in imagining the arrangement to see precisely where changes are required and fundamental It consolidates points of view from the entire association by allotting assignments to explicit representative gatherings It depends on the best logical standards of estimation and is anything but difficult to direct. References Becker, B. E., Huselid, M. A., Ulrich, D. (2001). The HR Scorecard: Linking People, Strategy, and Performance. Brighton, Boston: Harvard Business Press. Chief, S., Cascio, W., Boudreau, J. (2013). Key Tools for Human Resource Management (Collection). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: FT Press. Jack J. Phillips, P. P. (2016). Responsibility in Human Resource Management: Connecting HR to Business Results. London: Routledge. Niven, P. R., Lamorte, B. (2016). Goals and Key Results: Driving Focus, Alignment, and Engagement with OKRs. Hobboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons,.

Sample on Financial Markets

Sample on Financial Markets Essay on Financial Markets Feb 4, 2019 in Business The Role of Financial Markets in Creating Wealth Financial markets play a crucial role in creating economic wealth in the United States of America. A well-functioning financial sector creates incentives for investment and forester trading and help in the creation of business linkages. In fact, financial markets can be used as an indicator of how an economy is fairing (Ritter Silber, 2004). Financial market creates wealth by transforming savings into investments which translates to investment incomes. Financial market mobilizes savings for productive investments and facilitates capital inflows. This stimulates investment both in human and physical resources. It is also the role of financial market to channel Americans savings to more productive uses by analyzing and collecting information about investment opportunities in the economy (Ritter Silber, 2004).

My Love Of Basketball - 1060 Words

Basketball is my favorite sport because of how it is played and the style that the sport includes. I love basketball and it all started with my friend Brendon, at the time I was playing soccer before I found Brendon outside shooting a ball into a net I asked him what he was doing and he said playing basketball. I asked him if I could play with him and he said yes, at that moment I knew I would love basketball. Thats when I converted over from soccer to basketball, I would practice basketball everyday and try to get better and better. I became addicted to playing the sport and got super dedicated and kept practicing, my parents finally noticed, and they wanted to put me in a summer league and help me get better, which was the best†¦show more content†¦I kept going and going and going I didnt stop playing I was going to my full potential and didnt stop because I wanted to the best ever to play the game of basketball. My dad started to play basketball with me and I showed him w hat I have learned playing by myself and getting better, he couldnt believe how good I was getting. He was going hardcore against me now and I was ready the difficulty was rising and the pressure was all on me. I started and I played against him and it was hard to beat him but I one with a three pointer which was awesome. Something terrible happened... I tore my ACL I couldnt play anymore, no more summer league, no more anything!!! It was over for me and I couldnt play. I tried going back in the gym and I couldnt play because it hurt so bad, so my dad took me to the doctor and they did a little look up on it, they said I couldnt play for about 6 to 9 months. This was the worst thing ever for my basketball life and for teammates. My parents were devastated that I couldnt play and so was I. I kept going to the gym to help my ACL get better but, I didnt go hardcore when I was playing basketball because of my torn ACL. My dad would come to the gym with me sometimes and play with me just to help my ACL get better and just to make sure I can get it back in shape.Show MoreRelatedThe Love Of Love : My Love For Basketball835 Words   |  4 Pagesto them or that hobby that they really care about. For me personally, my family is very caring and I was raised to be a caring person so I have a lot of things that I care for. Specifically basketball is something that I have a great passion for I definitely have a lot of care for this sport. December 13th, 2013 was just an ordinary day for most people, but for me and my teammates on the Navasota Junior High basketball team it was game day. I woke up with a little extra burst of energy becauseRead MoreI Love Basketball Essay851 Words   |  4 Pagessport of basketball is known as a fun past time for any person young or old. Basketball is a great way of exercise and a great way to have fun with friends and possibly make some new ones. I love to watch and play the game, basketball is a very entertaining sport and can be played by anyone. Basketball has many negative and positive things about it based on my opinion. Basketball is known as a good pastime in many people’s eyes but can also be seen as a passion for many others. Basketball in my opinionRead MoreBasketball Skills Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesAndrew Lorentz Prof Berkhof PE 141 Basketball Skills 10/14/09 Basketball Skills Reflective Assessment Essay Basketball Skills was a great physical education class because I got to improve my overall basketball skills and learn some exact specifics about the sport I love to play the most. I’ve been playing basketball since I was very young and will continue to throughout my life. I have quite a few strengths while playing basketball. One is that I am a skilled ball handlerRead MoreAirports And Airplanes : I Was A Dream For Me1107 Words   |  5 PagesAirports/Airplanes I love traveling. If I could travel my whole life without stopping, I most certainly would. The idea of going to new places, experiencing a new culture, and embarking on unique journeys is beautiful to me and my favorite way to travel is through airplanes. I have always wanted to fly, if I could have any superpower, it would be the power of flight, so naturally airplanes are a dream for me. I love the sensation of taking off as the plane rises to the sky and you commence whateverRead MoreBasketball Is A Sport For The Campus Of Eastern Michigan University ( Emu )1145 Words   |  5 PagesBasketball is a sport that requires a lot of time and effort to be good at. It’s a sport that keeps some people in shape, some people involved with a community, and gives others an opportunity to meet new people. The recreation basketball community I am looking into is the one on the campus of Eastern Michigan University (EMU). Every day there is a multitude of people playing basketball i n either the Recreation Center (REC) or on the courts outside of the student center. The people that makeRead MoreWe Started Every Year Of Dixie Basketball Camp946 Words   |  4 Pagesanswer, of course, was â€Å"Yes sir, fired up, sir!† This was how we started every year of Dixie Basketball Camp as we came together in the Southwest Mississippi Community College (SMCC) auditorium. It is hard to explain what the Dixie Basketball Camp is all about. Experiencing it is really the only way of knowing. Dixie teaches kids every year the value of hard work along with the fundamentals of basketball. The camp has a unique and special enthusiasm, filled with cheering and chants, many of whichRead More3 Most Important Things in My Life999 Words   |  4 PagesThe Most Important Things in my Life By Vasilios Politis Professor C. Simpson ENC 1101-293 17 June 2008 Politis i Outline T: The three things that are most important to me are my family, basketball, and most importantly, being remembered for something great. I. The most important thing in my life right now is my family. A. My family will always be there for me and give me the guidance and support that I need. 1. My family has helped me to get my act together and get back inRead More Basketball and My Life Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesBasketball and my life I have throughout my whole life been playing sports. I still play basketball competitively and now it’s at the university level. Basketball though was not my first love when it came to playing sports. It has though become my true focus since junior high school. Coming from Canada everybody plays hockey. Its almost as if as soon as you learn to walk you learn how to skate. Whether it is at the recreation centre or at the shinny rink around the corner everyone playsRead MoreLife Is Like A Basketball Court803 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Life is like a basketball, it bounces up and down.† I love basketball. I feel affection for the taste of victory, when you win a game. However, I also find losing a worthwhile experience. I worship the feeling where you score a point. It’s slow motion at first, as you gaze at the shot you’ve made, wondering if it is going to manage. Then the taste of your salty sweat and the sound of your pounding heart are back in acti on. *Swoosh* the ball rapidly swirls into the hoop and falls through the netRead MoreWhy I Love Basketball945 Words   |  4 PagesIn my free time, I enjoy a plethora of activities but I have come to the conclusion that basketball is my all-time favorite pastime. Watching the sport on television is just as enjoyable as playing it. Strangely, basketball has always seemed to permeate my life in one way or another. Sometimes, I feel like I was born to dream, live, and even sleep thinking about basketball. Basketball is such an amazing sport and I cannot fathom living in a world in which the sport did not exist

Analysis Of George Faber s The Great Gatsby By F....

her. Rather than being supportive, she almost instantly develops paranoia about Beatty, their friends, and the other firefighters finding out about the books. Eventually, she unexpectedly exposes Montag’s possession of the books in their home. Faber is a character that is introduced into the novel towards the end and is the most relatable character to Montag at this point. It s not books you need, it s some of the things that once were in books (Bradbury, 78). When Montag reveals to his wife, Mildred, that he is in possession of books, he reminisces back to a year prior when he met Faber in a field. He knew then that Faber also did not support the censorship, but rather, he just didn’t voice his opinion on it for fear of his own life.†¦show more content†¦His encounter with Mrs. Blake shows his compassion for her and the impact that her incident has on him afterwards is very telling of his opinion and his personality. Montag’s relationship with Faber forces him to completely open up and settle in his own opinion of how he feels about the burning of the books and the homes of those who possess them. As the protagonist of the novel, Montag reveals to the audience how important it is to stand on your ow n, rather than conform to society based on what society makes you think that you must do or how you must think. Ray Bradbury s use of censorship in Fahrenheit 451 sends a strong message about freedom that applies to not only the subjects in the non-fiction novel, but also relates to various cultures and societies throughout all of history. It is incredibly ironic how much this relates to today’s society, despite being published in 1950. In 2017, self-censorship has become incredibly prevalent in many aspects. With the rapid expansion and advancement in technology, society as a whole is practicing self-censorship more and more in all aspects of society. Whether it be via the news, on the internet through social media, or simply out in public, it is impossible to not come across some type of censorship and with examples of perspectives that replicate those of the characters in Fahrenheit 451. Social media and the news are filled with self-censorship. For

What can you learn from this source about attitudes to women in Britain in 1914 Free Essays

Source A basically reveals that women should pressurise their husbands/sons to fight in the war. Women should support men in their war and encourage them to volunteer/enlist to fight in the war even if they don’t want to. The Government are dependant on the women to get as many soldiers as possible to fight in this hostile war and this might help in getting the role of women in society to improve for the better. We will write a custom essay sample on What can you learn from this source about attitudes to women in Britain in 1914? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main purpose of this source is to get more men into war by manipulating peoples mind through propaganda, censorship, morale, patriotism, and Jingoism. Its one of the ways the Government tried to cope with the war-effect. In title of the source to the ‘YOUNG WOMEN OF LONDON’ they have used bold, capital letters to emphasize that this source is directed at all the women in particular. In the first section it’s tying to say that if your son isn’t in military uniform, don’t you think he should be (at the women)? They tried to show this by using a direct method of grabbing attention. The words YOU and THINK are in bold capital and underlined letters because to stress the point of recruiting more men into war by persuading their partner/women to make them go. It’s like the government is pleading for recruitment. In the second that are trying to say that if he can’t be bothered to fight for beloved country and doesn’t think it is worthy is he really worthy of being a son or husband who will be needed in later life. If he doesn’t possesses the characteristics of being: strong, brave, willing, courageous and patriotic then he really can’t be called a man. The word worthy is underlined and in bold capital letters to get this point across. Thirdly in the next point it is trying to say you shouldn’t feel sorry for lonely girls/wives because their husbands or sons are doing their rightful and lawful duty of fighting for their darling country. Also it is referring to the women as YOU which is in bold and underlined to tell them that their men are fighting for them and are repaying back their love for them. Being lonely for the women is actually better because they have a commanding role of running the family back home. In the provenance it is basically if he doesn’t fight for his country (monarchy) then the women will also be neglected and left. If they don’t car about their country which gives them everything and how will they care about you. I think that the provenance is propaganda which is used to persuade and influence the minds of women. Finally it says ‘join the army TODAY’ which is saying that that women should convince the men so quickly that they instantly join the army. In conclusion I think that the attitudes to women in Britain in 1914 wasn’t much better as they were only were dependant by the Government in recruiting more men to war. Some women might not want to send their husbands to war and were forced as other families did and if they didn’t; their family reputation would be diminished. Others might argue that the attitudes changed because they had more family responsibilities and ran the house by paying the taxes, bills and working in factory. Also they might say that they have been treated well as women and have become more dependant and useful. Q3 Study Source C This Poster produced in 1915 I think that this poster is produced in 1915 because it has been one year in to the war and as Britain is coping with the war effects its wants more recruitment. The source is basically about women doing their bit for the war and they are getting themselves recruited. The purpose of this source is to get more men and women to help in fighting the war and is trying to say if a woman is doing it then more should do as they are doing it for their beloved country. Another reason it could be produced is that they want more women to work in factories and this in a way changed their role as by 1915, the new style of war meant needed them to fill in the gaps left by men such as working in factories, T-unions etc. Women were helping the war effort by doing jobs such as: Voluntary Aid Detachments (VADs) or First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY), and as drivers, cooks, mechanics and land army. Many women ‘munitionettes’ worked in the government’s munitions factories like it says on the poster’ learn to make munitions’ which is the most important job after the army of making the essential weapons needed to win the war. This was one way the Government was organising/financing and running the war. This picture essentially shows a happy women getting ready to put on her coat, ready to business for her country. This emphasizes patriotism and commitment the women are willing to take. In the background you can see people (men) leaving for the war and are getting cheered on as they go. This also shows the recruitment of soldiers the Government has made. Women also took on traditional men’s jobs and became firemen, coalmen and bus conductors to keep everything going perfectly back home. This was also a chance for women to shows that they can do men jobs and should have an improved role in society. This source compares with source b by because that this one is showing that women are doing their both whereas the other contrasts a bit and is saying women running land army will help win the war In conclusion I think the main purpose of this poster was for the Government to get more recruitment, men and women. How to cite What can you learn from this source about attitudes to women in Britain in 1914?, Papers

Miss Essay Example

Miss Essay CHAPTER 4 1) TERMINOLOGY Microcredit| The granting of credit, often without collateral, to low-income individuals or entrepreneurs. Microcredit also refers to microloan| Group lending| Group of individuals provide collateral for loans to members of that group through a group repayment pledge| Collateral| Asset pledge by a borrower to secure a loan| ROSCAs| Rotating savings and credit associations (Stokvel)Associations formed by a group of participants who agree to make regular contributions to a fund. The fund is given in part or in total to each contributor| Micro savings| Deposit services that allow low-income individuals to accumulate small amounts of money for future use. Often without a minimum balance| Micro insurance| Provision of insurance to low-income households| NASASA| National Stokvel Association of South Africa| SACCOL| Savings and Credit Cooperative League| SAMAF| South African Microfinance Apex Fund| 2) Motives behind savings decisions Insurance against disability, illness, sudden income losses * Protection against uneven income streams due to seasonal variations * Wealth accumulation to finance a household’s long term goals such as acquiring productive assets like land or housing, or consumer durables refrigerators * Savings for future investments and retirements 3) MEMBER-BASED FINANCIAL SERVICES * Stokvel * Cooperative financial institutions * Cooperative banks * Friendly societies * Mutual banks 4) STOKVEL We will write a custom essay sample on Miss specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Miss specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Miss specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A Stokvel is a group or association of individuals who make regular contributions to a pool of savings or common fund. Generally on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly. In many stokvels the pool is given total or in part to each contributor on a strictly rotational basis. 4. 1 FEATURES OF STOKVEL * The arrangement between the members of a stokvel is rarely formalized in a written agreement * Stokvel is directed by the common bond that exists between members * Strong social motives to participate The key economic reason for participation is to accumulate cash and obtain credit * Members of as stokvel who receive the pool of funds early in the stokvel cycle are in the position of borrowers * Members receiving the pool at a late stage of the cycle lenders 4. 2 TYPES OF STOKVEL * TRADISIONAL STOKVEL: Earliest form of stokvel and are general savings clubs that rotate pooled funds to members on a mutual agreed basis BURIAL SOCIETIES: Is established to assist members with funeral cost. Formed between people with a common bond such as same church. * INVESTMENT STOKVEL: save or bank the pool of savings with the objective of carrying out capital projects or investing in a business venture. Members are generally more affluent and make higher contributions 4. 3 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK According to the common bond exemption notice could be formal or informal rotating scheme , with social or economic functions * mutual support to each other towards the attainment of specific objectives * establishes a continuous pool of capital by raising funds with the subscription of its members * grant credit to and on behalf of the members * provide for members to share in profit and nominated management * relies on self-imposed regulation to protect the interest of the members The conditions applicable to stokvel Purpose of self-regulation, a stokvel must be a member of or affiliated to the NASASA * Must not allow a member at any time to withdraw his/her contribution * Benefits of t he members of the stokvel shall not be provided exclusively by ways of loans * Must keep accounting records that reflect the state of affairs * Must produce annual financial statements within 120 days of its financial year end * If the subscription from members is less than R3 million a report by an accountant and auditor is not required ) COOPERATIVE FINANCIAL INSTITUTION A association of persons who are united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspiration through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. The values are self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. Cooperative members believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others Cooperative financial institutions are offering banking related services to their members. They accept savings from their members and in turn provide them with credit facilities 5. 1 PRINCIPLES * voluntary and open membership and non-discriminatory membership * democratic member control * member economic participation * autonomy, independence, self-help organisation * education and training for cooperative members * elected representative * information provision to the pubic * cooperation among cooperatives to strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national regional and international structures * concern for community The also adopt additional principles because they are operating as financial intermediaries * mutual aid * margin management * risk management 5. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK According to the common bond exemption notice * Have a similar occupation or profession or common employer * Have a common membership in an association. Religious, social, cooperative, labour or educational group * Reside in the same defined community or district Conditions applicable to savings and credit cooperative Must be a member of SACCOL * Rules must not allow a member to withdraw his or her contribution at any time * Benefits must not be provided exclusively by way of loans that must be repaid * Must keep accounting records that reflect the state of affairs and business * Must produce annual financial statements within 120 days of the end of financial years * If the subscription from members is less than R3 million a report by an accountant and auditor is not required The COOPERATIVE FINANCIAL INSTITUTION are exempted from the Bank Act if they follow the conditions * Activities of financial services must be performed solely in respect of its members * Members must be of a defined geographical area. * They may not refer to itself as a bank * They may not hold deposits from members of more than 20 million * Must comply to the Cooperative Act They must submit itself to the supervision and regulations of the SAMAF * They must register as a Credit provider with the National credit Act 6) COOPERATIVE BANKS Cooperative banks: provide its members with a range of banking and financial services. The members are at the same time the owners and the customers of the bank. 6. 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF COOPERATIVE BANK * are of similar occupation or profession * are employed by a common employer * are employed within the same business district have common membership in an association or organization, including a business professional, religious, social or educational group * reside within the same defined community or geographical area 6. 2 FEATURES OF COOPERATIVE BANKS * Cooperative banks are customer-owned entities * Cooperative banks are under democratic member control * Cooperative banks allocate net profit to members * Cooperative banks are deeply rooted in their communities 6. 3 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK All Cooperative banks and cooperative financial institutions must be registered with the registrar of cooperative * Cooperative banks that have 200 members or more and that hold members deposits in excess of R20 million must be supervised by the Supervisor of Cooperative banks appointed by the SARB * Cooperative banks that have 200 members or more and that hold members deposits in excess of R1 million but less than R20 million must be supervised by the Supervisor of Cooperative banks appointed by the CBDA * Savings and credit cooperatives with 200 or less members and member deposits less than R1 million are supervised by SACCOL * Fin ancial service cooperative with 200 or fewer members and member deposits of less than R1 million are supervised by SAMAF 7) FRIENDLY SOCIETIES Also known as mutual aid societies are mutual assistance; the members share a common bond and are the owners of the society 7. 1 SERVICES INCLUDED * Providing relief during minority, old age, widowhood and sickness * Granting annuities and endowments * Payments on the birth of a child or death of family members * Payments of funeral expenses * Insurance of tools used in members trade * Financial assistance on resignation or dismissal * Unemployment relief * Provision of funds for education or training 7. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK May offer relief in old age but may not provide retirement benefits * They are permitted to grant annuities, but the amount of the premium for which an annuity is provided may not exceed R5000 per member * They may offer long-term policies, including death, funeral , life, health and endowment policies, but th e value of policy benefits may not exceed R5000 8) MUTUAL BANKS As with banks mutual banks accept deposits from the general public, provide payment services such as cheques and electronic transfers and make available credit such as overdrafts, home, term or asset-backed loans. There are only two mutual banks in SA V GBS Mutual bank in Grahamstown and VBS Mutual bank in Mthatha 8. MUTUAL BANKS DIFFER FROM BANKS A) Ownership * Mutual banks are not required to be a public company as a bank. * Banks are owned by shareholders and shares are traded on the JSE. * Shareholders in banks share in the profit through dividends. * Mutual banks are owned by their members. * Members of mutual banks receive returns on their investments B) Minimum capital requirement * Mutual banks require R10 million * Banks require R250 million C) Basel 11 * Mutual banks are still being regulated and supervised under the 1988 Basel capital Accord * Banks are regulated under the amended capital accord 26 June 2004 8. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Meet certain capital adequacy requirements * Maintain a minimum reserve balance of approximately 2,5 % * Hold liquid assets of not less than 5% of its liabilities to the public * Carry on its business subject to certain restrictions. May not be exposed to any individual person in excess of 10% of qualifying capital and reserves without board approval and in excess of 25% without approval of the Registrar of bank * Give detail monthly and quarterly returns showing various risk exposures 9. OTHER MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS Micro lenders make small amounts of credit available to low-income individuals. Loans are generally unsecured. Number of reasons why people do need loans. But in SA the micro lenders industry has a reputation for poor governance unsound credit risk management, exploitive and predatory lending practice All non-bank credit providers must register with the National Credit Regulator and comply with the National Credit Act accept if * Credit provider have fewer than 100 credit agreements * Credit provider has an outstanding loan book less than R500 000 9. 1 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT * A micro-insurance regulatory framework that strives to establish well supervised micro-insurers * Legislation to encourage greater completion in the retail banking sector * Deposit insurance to protect bank depositors in the event of a bank failure 10. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RISK MANAGEMENT A TYPICAL RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK of the MFI WOULD ADRESS THE FOLLOWING * Risk philosophy: The MFI belief, how do you do business * Risk appetite: This describes the amount of risk the MFI is willing to accept * Risk culture: This is the shared attitude, values, beliefs and practices how the MFI manage risk * Risk policies and principles: Principles that guide the MFI to provide a basis for consistent decision making and resource allocation * Risk management structure: This states the report line, roles, responsibilities and authority of the board * Staff and other resources: Competent and adequate staff with technical knowledge and experience

How Grapes of Wrath Relates to Our Modern Lives essays

How Grapes of Wrath Relates to Our Modern Lives essays Sometimes we must do the right thing even if its not the best thing for us. This is shown in The Grapes of Wrath when Casy and Tom stand up for the strikers even though they have no personal stake what so ever in the strike. They prefer to help the people instead of sitting around, watching what happens to them. Casy and Tom are strong believers in freedom, and cannot endure themselves as they look at the strikers standing for so long to achieve their goal. They were also doing it to support themselves through the novel, trying to motivate themselves to fight for what they believe in. People today have also been in the same situations as these men. The bombing of the World Trade Center could have been avoided if we did not go and help the Iraqis with their problems. However, our President felt sympathetic towards the Iraqi people and wanted to help them all he could to achieve their own freedom. That could have been all clearly avoided, but it is human nature to feel guilt towards things that happen. Gay marriages could also have been left alone, but our President feared of the future and did what he thought was right for his country. Asiana Airlines went through the same situation that Casy and Tom went through. The airline workers all went on strike because they were not being paid fair wages. They could have let it pass and just deal with the low wages, but they wanted their freedom and deserved more than that had. There are many causes that would make me react the same way was Tom and Casy did at their strike. White-harp seals are my favorite mammals and would love to help them regain their population in the world. They are harmless creatures and poachers are killing them for their skin every day. To me, that is not an act of humanity but an act of cruelty. Humans should not be the only living creatures out in the world to set punishment on murder and what not. Animals in the animal kingdom deserve the ...

Definition and Examples of Spelling in English

Definition and Examples of Spelling in English In written language, spelling is the choice and arrangement of letters that form words. English spelling, says R.L. Trask, is notoriously complex, irregular, and eccentric, more so than in almost any other written language (Mind the Gaffe!, 2006). Pronunciation: SPEL-ing Also Known As: orthography Etymology: From Middle English, reading letter by letter Examples and Observations [S]pelling is not a reliable index of intelligence...Many intelligent people struggle with English spelling, while others will find it comparatively easy to master. Learning to spell correctly requires remembering numerous unusual and peculiar spelling forms. Some people are just better at this form of rote learning than others... One of the reasons why English spelling is so unpredictable is because its vocabulary consists of many words derived from other languages, which have been adopted with their original spellings intact. Understanding the origins of these words and the languages they have come from will help help with spelling them. (Simon Horobin, Does Spelling Matter? Oxford University Press, 2013) A Mutt of a Language That English is such a mutt of a language only served to make the resulting spellings that much harder. Old English had already been borrowing from, and interbreeding with, Dutch and Latin before the Norman invasion. The arrival of Norman French opened the floodgates for more linguistic mixing and orthographic variability. (David Wolman, Righting the Mother Tongue: From Olde English to Email, the Tangled Story of English Spelling. Harper, 2010) Spellings and Respellings in Early Modern English The high status accorded to the classical  tongues in the Early Modern period meant that Latin and Greek words were adopted with their spellings intact- so we find Greek phi spelled with a ph rather than an f in philosophy and physics.  A reverence for Latinate spellings  prompted the respelling of a number of words previously borrowed into English directly from French, whose origins lay in Latin. A silent b was added to debt and doubt to align them with the Latin debitum and dubitarer; a silent c was inserted into scissors (Latin scissor); l was introduced into salmon (Latin salmo), and a silent p into receipt (Latin receptum). In most cases these silent letters drove spelling and pronunciation further apart, though in some instances, like perfect and adventure (Middle English parfait and aventure), the inserted letter is now sounded. (Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016) A Spelling Challenge (Canadian Edition) [I]t remains unlikely that most of us could spell the following sentence correctly on the first attempt, without a computerized word-check, and without reading it over first: We should accommodate the possibility of unparalleled embarrassment occurring in an eccentric physicist who endeavours, though harassed by diarrhoea, to gauge the symmetry of a horse caught gambolling in ecstasy within the precincts of a cemetery wall. (Margaret Visser, The Way We Are. HarperCollins, 1994) Standardization of English Spelling For most of the history of the language, English speakers took a lackadaisical approach to spelling; the notion that a word should always be spelled the same way is a much more recent invention than the language itself. The standardization of English spelling began in the 16th century, and although it is unclear at exactly what point our spelling became set, what is certain is that ever since it happened, people have complained that the rules of spelling, such as they are, just don’t make sense. (Ammon Shea, The Keypad Solution. The New York Times Magazine, Jan. 22, 2010) American Spelling and British Spelling George Bernard Shaw once defined the British and Americans as two peoples separated by a common language. Not just in accent and vocabulary but in spelling, too, this is true. Like the spelling of honor versus honour and defense versus defence, the use of one L versus two in certain positions in words is a sure sign of American English. Classic examples include American traveled, jewelry, counselor, and woolen versus British and Commonwealth travelled, jewellery, counsellor, and woollen. Yet American spelling may sometimes take two Ls, not only in obvious cases like hall but in controlled, impelled, (from control and impel) and elsewhere. Most of our specifically American spelling rules come from Noah Webster, the Connecticut-born educator and lexicographer whose magnum opus was his 1828 American Dictionary of the English Language. (David Sacks, Language Visible. Broadway, 2003) Reading and Spelling There is no necessary link...between reading and spelling: there are many people who have no difficulty in reading, but who have a major persistent handicap in spelling- this may be as many as 2% of the population. There seems moreover to be a neuro-anatomical basis for the distinction, for there are brain-damaged adults who can read but not spell, and vice versa. (David Crystal, How Language Works. Overlook, 2006) Belloc on the Worship of Spelling What fun our posterity will have with our ridiculous worship of spelling! It has not lasted very long. There has not really been such a thing as spelling for much more than two hundred years in English, and there was no religion of it till perhaps a hundred years ago... Our fathers cared so little for the ridiculous things that they did not even spell their own names the same way throughout their lives, and as for common words they seem to have had an instinct which I cannot but applaud for ennobling them with repetitions of letters and flourishes, with the pretty trick of using a y for an i and doubling consonants. In general they were all for festooning and decorating, which is a very honest and noble taste. When they said of a man I esteam hym ne moore than a pygge one knows what they meant and one feels their contempt vibrating. Put into the present stereotyped form it would far less affect, or effect, us. (Hilaire Belloc, On Spelling. New Statesman, June 28, 1930) The Lighter Side of Spelling A very pretty speech- s-p-e-e-c-h, sneered the bee. Now why dont you go away? I was just advising the lad of the importance of proper spelling.BAH! said the bug, putting an arm around Milo. As soon as you learn to spell one word, they ask you to spell another. You can never catch up- so why bother? Take my advice, my boy, and forget about it. As my great-great-great-grandfather George Washington Humbug used to say- You, sir, shouted the bee very excitedly, are an impostor- i-m-p-o-s-t-o-r- who cant even spell his own name.A slavish concern for the composition of words is the sign of a bankrupt intellect, roared the Humbug, waving his cane furiously.(Norton Juster, The Phantom Tollbooth. Random House, 1961)Somebody who’s working for the city should learn how to S-P-E-L-L.A slew of officials have failed to report a humiliating spelling error- SHCOOL X-NG- plastered on Stanton Street outside a Lower East Side high school for months.(Jennifer Bain and Jeane Macintosh, In for a Bad Spell. New York Post, Jan. 24, 2012)

Reflection of Past Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection of Past Work - Essay Example took the alternative perspective that â€Å"peer pressure could act as motivation because it boosts one’s morale in becoming better at certain things. Under motivation children coming financially unstable homes find the momentum to work hard in their academics to get better jobs†. Taking the alternative perspective is not easy because we have to research more in justifying our position. This however is not the case when we write a narrative such as in the case of A Helping Hand. This piece may be longer to write but is actually a joy to do it. I enjoyed writing it because it allowed me a greater degree of creativity to create my own story. Unlike in editorial where I have to be reasonable in my position, personal narratives are based more on what I feel and think and I do not have to make solid justifications about it for as long as the reader can relate and understand what I am writing. In the first place, the goal of a personal narrative is to reach out and affect the reader and not necessarily convince him or her with my arguments such as in the case of editorials. Writing about a favourite subject such as the performing arts in the A Day in the Fairytale is also such a joy to write. It is because I just have to write what I felt and saw during that time and need not justify what I think about it such why I enjoy the comical aspect of the dance in the opening curtain of the show. This is fun to write because I only have to focus on the positive aspect of the experience most of the time. If there are negative aspects to it, they are very few if any and are often negligible and overwhelmed by the positive aspects of the experience. For example, the Nutcracker centers around family affair and that theme alone overshadows that not so impressive aspects of the performance. And writing about it is almost without pressure as I just have to relate with the performance. This however is not the case in writing a technical story such as â€Å"What a Flood of

What do you understand by the term management style in employee Essay

What do you understand by the term management style in employee relations How useful is the term in understanding the dynamics in employee relations - Essay Example All employees at the workplace tend to share some sort of relationships with the colleagues they work with, with their subordinates and with their supervisors. The relationships can be good or bad depending on the attitudes of everyone at the workplace (Towers, 2003). Theoretical Management style in UK The report from the Chartered Management Institute state that the mostly used management styles in the UK are the authoritarian style 21%, the bureaucratic management style 16% and the third one is categorized as a secret management style 12.5%. The research also depicted that the percentage of employees believing that they are able to access their manager is only around 10 % (Employers criticise UK management style, 2010). The chief executive of the Chartered Management Institute, Ruth Spellman, states that the working lives of people improve with the goodwill element and engagement element amongst the employees. The productivity rate, the retention rate and the loyalty factor of the customers improves with goodwill (Employers criticise UK management style, 2010). Issues with the typologies There are certain issues present with the typologies of the management styles being implemented in organizations. The employment relations may depict a static picture of the firm. The relationship between the employee and the employer may be facing changes but they may be depicted in a static way. Management has certain expectations and intentions from and for the employees respectively but there are strong chances that the employees may not work according to the expectations of the organization. From certain employees hard work and dedication may not be observed at work. The strategies of management may at times be implemented according to the consensus of the employees and other times as a compulsion whether employees like the idea or not. There are different styles of management according to the occupational groups working in the firm. The top management may have a differe nt management style; the middle management may adopt different style for dealing with the employees under them. Lastly, the issues pertaining with typologies are that when managers are outsourced are hired on a contract basis, the management styles that they may implement will be different. Employees have the chances of getting frustrated due to many reasons. The reasons can be both personal and professional and the management therefore needs to ensure that all activities at workplace are taking place according to requirements so that workplace frustration of employees can be avoided. A healthy work environment and atmosphere will make the work experience of the employee a pleasant experience (Gay et al, 2005). Marketisation of the employment relationship There are certain organizational forms to market based regulation of Employee Relations. The employee relationships with the organization need to be carefully reviewed by the firm and accordingly the employee relationships are hand led in the firm. The short term market pressures such as increasing sales, increasing the market share, gaining edge from the competitors have affected the relationship of the employer with the employees. The internal employment structures are observed to be displaced in the organizations. The organizational culture has changed for many organizations along with the goals and objectives of the firm. The benefits and perks that are offered to employees have faced changes in the modern

MEMS: Comparison With Micro Electronics

MEMS: Comparison With Micro Electronics Micro Electro Mechanical Systems or MEMS is a term coined around 1989 by Prof. R. Howe and others to describe an emerging research, where mechanical elements, like cantilevers or membranes, had been manufactured at a scale more akin to microelectronics circuit than to lathe machining. But MEMS is not the only term used to describe this and from its multicultural origin it is also known as Micromachines, a term often used in Japan, or more broadly as Microsystem Technology (MST), in Europe. However, if the etymology of the word is more or less well known, the dictionaries are still mum about an exact definition. Actually, what could link an inkjet printer head, a video projector DLP system, a disposable bio-analysis chip and an airbag crash sensor yes, they are all MEMS, but what is MEMS? It appears that these devices share the presence of features below 100 micro metre that are not machined using standard machining but using other techniques globally called micro-fabrication technology. Of course, this simple definition would also include microelectronics, but there is a characteristic that electronic circuits do not share with MEMS. While electronic circuits are inherently solid and compact structures, MEMS have holes, cavity, channels, cantilevers, membranes, etc, and, in some way, imitate `mechanical parts. This has a direct impact on their manufacturing process. Actually, even when MEMS are based on silicon, microelectronics process needs to be adapted to cater for thicker layer deposition, deeper etching and to introduce special steps to free the mechanical structures. Then, many more MEMS are not based on silicon and can be manufactured in polymer, in glass, in quartz or even in metals [5, 6]. Thus, if similarities between MEMS and microelectronics exist, they now clearly are two distinct. Actually, MEMS needs a completely different set of mind, where next to electronics, mechanical and material knowledge plays a fundamental role. 1.2 MEMS technology The development of a MEMS component has a cost that should not be misevaluated but the technology has the possibility to bring unique benefits. The reasons that prompt the use of MEMS technology can be classified broadly in three classes: a) Miniaturization of existing devices, like for example the production of silicon based gyroscope which reduced existing devices weighting several kg and with a volume of 1000 cm3 to a chip of a few grams contained in a 0.5 cm3 package. b) Development of new devices based on principles that do not work at larger scale. A typical example is given by the biochips where electrical are use to pump the reactant around the chip. This so called electro-osmotic effect based on the existence of a drag force in the fluid works only in channels with dimension of a fraction of one mm, that is, at micro-scale. c) Development of new tools to interact with the micro-world. In 1986 H. Rohrer and G. Binnig at IBM were awarded the Nobel price in physics for their work on scanning tunneling microscope. This work heralded the development of a new class of microscopes (atomic force microscope, scanning near optical microscope) that shares the presence of micro machined sharp micro-tips with radius below 50 nm. This micro-tool was used to position atoms in complex arrangement, writing Chinese character or helping verify some prediction of quantum mechanics. Another example of this class of MEMS devices at a slightly larger scale would be the development of micro-grippers to handle cells for analysis. 2.Micromirrors 2.1 History of Micromirror : In recent years, deformable mirror devices (DMDs) have emerged as a new micro-electromechanical (MEM) technology with tremendous potential for future applications. As shown in Fig. 1-1, the concept of deformable mirrors was developed and utilized as early as 211 BC by Greek soldiers to destroy enemy ships [1]. 1 However, it was not until 1973 that serious development of micromirror devices began to emerge. Currently, several designs of deformable mirrors have been fabricated, some before a practical use had been identified. It is these devices that are now receiving serious attention as optical communication and related fields are expanding. 2.2 BACKGROUND Mirror devices are a specific type of spatial light modulator (SLM).Spatial light modulators are devices that can alter the phase, amplitude, and/or the direction of propagation of an incident beam of light. Deformable mirror devices do this by moving a reflective surface to achieve the desired effect. Currently, two distinct types of micro-mirrors are used [1]. Continuous surface devices use one large reflective membrane that is locally controlled by individual actuators to form a continuous reflective surface. Circus fun house mirrors are an example of such a device. Segmented devices, on the other hand, use a mirror surface that is divided into numerous individually controllable smaller mirrors. Greek soldiers used segmented mirrors to form a parabolic reflective surface which was used to focus sunlight onto enemy ships. 2 Segmented devices are used today in the formation of large parabolic mirrors. As shown in Figure 1-2, the primary mirror of many modern optical telescope systems is comprised of segmented deformable mirrors. In the past, the size-limiting factor in such systems has been the size of the primary mirror which had to be mechanically stable yet light enough to move to various positions throughout a full field of view. Larger mirrors were frequently damaged or caused damage to other components of the telescope when movement was attempted. With the application of segmented deformable mirror technology, the practical limit in telescopic primary mirror size can be extended since much lighter and smaller mirrors can be individually anchored, controlled, and placed adjacent to each other to form the necessary parabolic mirror. The segmented mirrors are not only placed at a slight angle to each other, but are shaped by the segmented actuators and are free to bend to form smaller parabolically curved surfaces. The segmented actuators are manipulated by the control electronics which receive information from the laser figure sensor and the edge computer which is then translated into a necessary change in the position or shape of the mirrors. These monitoring devices continually check the status of the segmented mirrors to maintain the parabolic form of the entire device and to ensure that no gaps or severe discontinuities are present in the surface of the primary mirror which would result in a distorted image or a loss in image resolution. The basic principles of this macroscopic technology can also be used in microscopic applications which involve fabricating deformable mirrors on integrated circuits. Several forms of micromirrors have emerged that combine on-chip addressing electronics with the micro-mechanical mirrors [1]. The geometric and material variations of these devices demonstrate that deformable mirrors can be designed and implemented for a variety of specific uses. The micromirror devices currently used are segmented surface devices in which the actuation of a small reflective mirror is controlled by a single address electrode. The metallized mirror and the address electrode of the device form a parallel plate capacitor. The voltage between the mirror and the electrode creates an electrostatic force acting on the mirror in the downward direction. The flexures holding the mirror are designed to deform, allowing the mirror to move vertically with applied voltage. The resulting spring force of the flexures ac ts on the mirror in the upward direction, countering the electrostatic force of the capacitor. 3.MICROMIRROR ACTUATION METHODS FOR SENSING 3.1 Electromagnetic Actuation: A micromirror can be deflected in two ways by electromagnetic actuation. First, by using Lorentz force to move a patterned coil by exerting external magnetic field. Second, by repulsive/attractive forces to repel/attract the magnetic material attached to the mirror from/to the actuator. Advances in material fabrication to provide thick film deposition of magnetic material on the surface of micro actuators should reduce voltage and current requirements. Magnetic MEMS can offer non- contact operation, and can induce mechanical resonance by magnetic element excitation. However, thermal budget imposed by the current CMOS technology limits the fabrication of the magnetic film on the substrate from reaching the desired characteristics [3]. 3.2 Piezoelectric Actuation: The piezoelectric actuation takes advantage of the corresponding physical deformation to applied electrical voltage property . It has relatively lower operation voltage (3-20 Volt DC) with low power consumption, better linearity, and fast switching time 0.1 to 1.0 milliseconds [3]. 3.3 Thermal Actuation: The main advantage of thermal actuation is the simplicity of the fabrication method. However, in general, thermal actuation tends to have higher power consumption and slow response time. The out-of-plane thermal micro actuator uses thermal expansion due to ohmic heating. A thin arm and wide arm configuration with one end fixed to the substrate has nonlinear property due to temperature dependency . 3.4 Electrostatic Actuation: Despite suffering from the pull-in effect, nonlinear behavior, and higher operating voltage, the electrostatic actuations fast response time (less than 0.1 ms), low power consumption, and the easiness of integration and testing with electrical control system make the electrostatic actuation one of the preferred choices for micromirror actuation . The operation voltage of the micromirror can be lowered while achieving more angular deflection if the stiffness of torsion bar is reduced. However, when the stiffness is lowered, the natural frequency of the micromirror also decreases, thereby reducing operational bandwidth. Say w, v, d scales as L1. Maximum Electrostatic Potential Energy Stored is given by: 3 Permitivity of vacuum and relative permitivity remains unchanged with scaling. Assume Vb scales linearly with d (Out of Paschen effect range), then 4 Electrostatic Forces Found to Scale as Square of L. Since mass and hence inertial forces scale as cube of L, Electrostatic Actuators are advantageous in Scaled Down Sizes [3]. Paschen Effect: Breakdown of continuum theory Figure 3 -Vb v/s P,d Paschen Effect: Breakdown of continuum theory: a) Vb scales non linearly in Paschen effect range. b) Vb increases in Paschen effect range. c) Higher Vb implies higher storage of energy and so larger force. 4.Summary of Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Actuation Mechanism Actuation Advantages Disadvantages Magnetic Low actuation voltage Relatively large angular deflection with lower driving power Difficult to assemble permanent magnets and coils with current CMOS technology Challenge in minimizing the size of device Piezoelectric Higher switching speed Low power consumption Short actuation range Thermal Ease of fabrication (require only one composite beam) for bulk production -High power consumption Slow response time Fatigue due to thermal cycle Electrostatic Low power consumption Fast switching Ease of integration and testing with electrical control circuitry Nonlinear characteristics Limited by the pull-in effect High actuation voltage Fabrication complexity 5.Proposed Designs 5.1 ANALYTICAL MODEL OF THE STACKED MICROMIRRORS In this section, micromirrors of different configurations are presented and compared in terms of their deflection angle and actuation voltage. The conceptual schematics of the three configurations analyzed are shown below. Figure 1(a) shows a conventional micromirror configuration. Figure 1(b) shows a unique configuration of the stacked micromirror also denoted as the first stacked mirror configuration, and Figure 1(c) shows a novel configuration of the stacked micromirror with an offset, which is also known as the second stacked micromirror configuration [8]. Figure 1. Schematics of Three Different Micromirror Configurations. The moving electrode (middle plate) in the stacked configurations is designed to be identical to the micromirror in size and material. Solutions for the following analytical model are independent of the shape and size of the plate (micromirror) as long as the dimensions of each layer are identical. First, an analytical model of the micromirror is derived to better understand the relationship between each parameter of the micromirror. The torque created by the electrostatic force between the micromirror and its electrodes, as denoted by M for each configuration, is derived from the following dynamic Equation (1): I (d2O/dt2) + C (dO/dt) + kO = M -(1) where, I is the moment of the inertia. C is the damping coefficient representing the squeeze-film. k is the torsional stiffness of the rotated serpentine spring. M is the torque created by the electrostatic force between the micromirror and its electrodes. The moment of the inertia of the micromirror along the y-axis is equal to (1/12)*ml2. Second, the value for damping coefficient, c, representing the squeeze-film damping of the micromirror is derived from the linearized Reynolds equation [13] and presented in Equation (2). C= -(48w3)/(à Ã¢â€š ¬6(b2+4)D3) (2) where, ÃŽÂ ¼ is the dynamic viscosity of the air. l is equal to the half length of the micromirror, . w is the width of the micromirror. b is the ratio of the width to the length of the micromirror. D is the initial air gap between the micromirror and its electrodes. Third, the torsional stiffness, k, of the rotated serpentine spring K= (G Jp)/(2NLp+3Lp) (3) where, G is the shear modulus of the material used in the rotated serpentine spring. Jp is the torsion factor of a beam with rectangular cross-section [14] and can be derived from the Equation (4) below. N is the number of the loops or turns in the rotated serpentine spring. Lp is the length of the rotated serpentine spring segment that is parallel to the rotation axis. Jp= (tw3/3)*(1-(192w/3t)*à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœt=1,2,3.1/t3* tanh(tà Ã¢â€š ¬t/2w)) (4) Fourth, for the sake of simplicity, the micromirror is considered to be a rigid body and the deflection of the rotated serpentine spring in the Z axis is assumed to be negligible. In order to find the torque created by the electrostatic force between the micromirror and its electrodes, the parallel plate capacitor theory is used to derive the differential force that acts on a small segment of the micromirror and its electrodes: dF = 1à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ®V2 (wdx)/(D-x2 -(5) where, à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ® denotes the permittivity of air and V represents the potential difference. The torque, M, for each configuration is simplified with the normalized angle as represented by the following Equation (6), (7) and (8): MO = 0.5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ®wV2 (L2/D2 o2)*(o/1-o + ln(1-o)) (6) M1 = 0.5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ®wV2 (L2/D2 4o2)*(2o/1-2o + ln(1-2o)) (7) M2 = 0.5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ®wV2 (L2/D2 2)*(1/(1-2o+o2)) (8) where, M0 represents the torque created in the single mirror configuration. M1 and M2 denote the torque generated in the first and second stacked mirror configurations, respectively. To simplify the analysis, the fixed bottom electrodes are not used to actuate the micromirrors in both stacked configurations [8]. Figure-2. Torque versus Angle Comparison Plot for Three Micromirror Configurations. To visualize the magnitude of torques against the normalized angles, the normalized torques of M0, M1, and M2 are plotted in the Figure 2. The red line shows an exponential increase in the normalized torque as the normalized angle grows. The black line (conventional single mirror configuration) shows relatively gradual increase. As expected, while the deflection angle is small there are negligible differences between the three configurations in terms of the torque created by the same actuation voltage. However, as the deflection angle increases, the torque acting on the first stacked mirror grows exponentially. On the other hand, the second stacked mirror configuration shows a 50% increase in torque when compared to the single mirror configuration. 5.2 GEOMETRY The size and geometry of the micromirror are determined by the diameter of the optical beam as well as its application. For example, a micromirror used in an endoscope would require a smaller form factor. The micromirror discussed here is designed to be 1 mm in length, 1 mm in width and 10 ÃŽÂ ¼m in thickness. Also, it is assumed to be made of polysilicon that has a Youngs modulus of 160 GPa, Poissons ratio of 0.22 and density of 2330 kg/m3. Normally, the micromirror is designed to be suspended over a cavity by two torsion bars. Even though a straight torsion bar is simple to design and fabricate, it suffers from residual stress, which alters the stiffness of a torsion bar and the micromirrors frequency response. Furthermore, modification of the physical or geometric properties of the straight torsion bar is not straightforward since the geometry of the torsion bar such as the width and thickness are limited by the fabrication process. Hence, two rotated serpentine springs are chosen to hold the micromirror in place while the micromirror rotates. The serpentine springs stiffness can be easily customized regardless of the fabrication process. Thus, a rotated serpentine spring is employed in this analysis. The rotated serpentine spring used in this analysis is 4 ÃŽÂ ¼m wide, 10 ÃŽÂ ¼m thick, and 100 ÃŽÂ ¼m in length from one end to another end. The gap between each turn is 4 ÃŽÂ ¼m. Figure.3 (a) shows the expanded view of the rotated serpentine spring, and Figure.3 (b) shows the relative size and location of the spring on the micromirror. Figure 3. (a) Rotated Serpentine Spring Torsion Bar and (b) the Micromirror. Two different configurations of the micromirror are presented in Figure 4. To simplify modeling and analysis, the geometry and material of the plates (micromirrors) are kept identical except the stacking configuration. As shown in Figure 4(a), a micromirror is placed 250 ÃŽÂ ¼m directly above another square plate along the z-axis. In Figure 4(b), a micromirror is placed above another mirror with a 250 ÃŽÂ ¼m gap in the z axis and a 500 ÃŽÂ ¼m offset along the x- axis. The top plate is the micromirror, and the bottom plate is used as moving electrodes [8]. The micromirror and its moving counterpart have two electrodes located on their bottom. The electrodes are assumed to be made of 1 ÃŽÂ ¼m aluminium thin film. The rotated serpentine springs provide electrical connection between the electrodes and control circuitry. Figure-4. Stacked Micromirror Configurations. 5.3 Flexure Beam Micro-Mirror C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled1.jpg C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled.jpg Figure-5: Flexure Beam Micromirror APPROACH In order to develop the characteristic model of the Flexure-Beam micromirror device, it must first be characterized by equating the electrostatic actuation force of the parallel plate capacitor with the mechanical restoring force of the spring. Figure-6 shows a Flexure-Beam device in the resting ( V = 0 ) and active ( V > 0 ) modes where Zm represents the vertical height of the mirror above the address electrode. It is initially assumed that when no electrode potential is applied, the mirror rests firmly in the resting position, Z0, where the deflection distance, d, at all points on the mirror is zero [1]. Figure-6: Forces acting in flexure Beam Micromirror The Flexure-Beam device is a phase-only device since the direction of motion of the mirror is orthogonal to the reflective surface. Therefore, the optical path length can be altered while the direction of propagation remains unchanged. This makes the piston device very appealing for phase modulated filters or for adaptive phase correcting optics. Figure-7: Cloverleaf Micromirror One design improvement is another cantilever device known as the Cloverleaf. As shown in Figure, the flexures holding the reflective surfaces are placed in the center of the geometry. This takes the basic design of the Inverted Cloverleaf and reduces some of the negative effects observed. Also, the electrodes are located directly beneath each mirror which allows the cantilever surfaces to be individually addressable. Moving the support for the mirrors to the center of the pixel cell allows for better use of overall space. Now, the pixels can be placed so that adjacent cells nearly touch each other with only a small gap required between the mirrors of one cell and the mirrors of another. Most of the total surface area of the device is reserved for the active elements with the exception of the posts which hold the mirrors in place. This increases the active area of the device to as much as 86% which is similar to the remaining devices described in this chapter. This device, however, maintains the side effect of redirecting an incident beam of light in four distinct directions. C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled3.png Figure-8 The Quad-Cantilever deformable micromirror device The significant advantage over the Cloverleaf devices is that the mirrors are aligned so that the redirection of the incident beam of light is in a common direction. This allows the device to be capable of switching or redirecting the incident light with little loss in amplitude. One characteristic similar to the Inverted Cloverleaf and Cloverleaf devices is the slanted behavior of the deflected mirror. This behavior is typical with cantilever devices and creates a non-uniform phase response across the surface of each mirror [1]. ELECTROSTATIC FORCE In order to compute the electrostatic force on the mirror, it must first be determined by which means this force will be calculated. More specifically, it must be decided whether the charge distribution, which is not uniform over the mirror surface, will be considered. The charge distribution will change with the position of the mirror surface and will also be altered by any mirror surface deformations or discontinuities such as etch holes. This leads to a complicated solution when integrating across the mirror. As an alternative, since both the charge distribution of the mirror and the applied electrode voltage are related to the electric field within the device, it is possible to express the potential energy, of the electric charge distribution solely in terms of this field: C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled4.jpg Where, a is the surface charge distribution on the mirror, V is the actuation voltage between the mirror and address electrode, A is the area of the mirror, e0 is the free space dielectric constant and E is the electric field intensity at any point in the volume v within the device . By assigning an electric energy density of V-2coloumbs to each point in space within the device, the physical effect of the charge distribution on the mirror surface is preserved. From this approach it is easy to see that the non-uniform charge distribution on the mirror surface and the fringing effects of electric fields around the edges of the mirror are complementary descriptions of the same electrical phenomenon. 5.4 Dual Axis Micro-Mirror Figure-9: Dual-Axis micromirror Micromirror working principle The micromirror is made up by a circular polysilicon micromirror plate that is connected to a gimbal frame by a pair of polysilicon torsion springs (Fig. 9). The gimbal frame is supported by a pairs of polysilicon springs too. The structure is a dual axis micromirror: the slow axis works at the resonance frequency of 300 Hz while the fast axis works at the resonance frequency of 30 kHz. The fast axis allows the micromirror to be tilted around y direction while the slow axis allows the micromirror to be tilted around x direction. Both the two axis are actuated by electrostatic vertical comb drives. Vertical comb drives provide a motion in and out of the plane and present several advantages if compared to lateral comb drives. First of all, they generate a vertical force larger than lateral comb drives ,then they achieve larger scan angle at high resonance frequencies and finally they directly apply the torque to the micromirror without needing any hinges to couple their linear motion i nto torsional micromirror motion [4]. Each vertical comb drive consists of a set of moving mechanical polysilicon electrodes and a set of rigid electrodes suspended over an etched pit. The rigid electrodes are bound to the substrate, while the movable electrodes are linked to the axis. When a voltage is applied between the fixed fingers and the movable fingers, an electrostatic Torque arises between the two electrodes [4]. Consequently the movable fingers rotate around the torsional axis until the Electrostatic Torque (Te) and the Mechanical restoring Torque (Tm) of the springs are equal. These two torques can be expressed by (1) and (2). C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled5.jpg C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled 6.jpg Figure-10: Forces acting in a Dual-Axis Micromirror 5.5 Micromirror with Hidden Vertical Comb Drives The actuators and the torsion springs are hidden underneath the mirror to achieve high-fill factor in micromirror arrays. In this case, the fringing capacitance is significant and cannot be ignored [2]. The total capacitance as a function of angle can be calculated by integrating over the finger length. Fig. 11 shows the 3-D design of this: C:UsersAjiteshDesktopUntitled7.png Figure-11: Hidden Vertical-Comb Drive Micromirror 6.CONCLUSION: In this report, the first three phase of the project have been completed. The different actuation principles , their advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. Also four designs have been proposed and analytical study of them has been done. We can now move on to the next phase which comprises of modeling as well as analysis of the designs chosen.

Sales and Iventory

Online Sales and Inventory System For Marikina Shoe Exchange An Undergraduate Research Proposal Presented to The Computer Studies Department College of Science De La Salle University – Dasmarinas In Partial Fulfillement of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Inah Denise A. Almera John Florence M. Delimos Patrick P. Lozano September 2010 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Background of the Study All things changes as the world progress on time. Man starts to fulfill their work from scratch and as generations have pass, man uses alternative to lessen the aggrevation of work One of these alternatives is technology which is evident in the enormous society. At present time, business establishments wants to seek the use of technology as a tool in incrementing sales and productivity. One of these companies is the Marikina Shoe Exchange. Marikina Shoe Exchange (MSE) is a group of companies selling footwear, apparel, body care, and household products. Most products sold by the company is Philippine made. This company is a family-owned Filipino corporation, owned by the Jardiolin family. MSE engages in direct selling. Natasha, Confetti, Xxtra, Vivacci, Gabrio Franco, and Shoe Studio are its sister companies. MSE’s history shows that it is deeply rooted on it’s sister companies timeline. 1984 marks the opening of the Confetti (named after the events of the EDSA revolution where confetti rains throughout the streets) Greenbelt branch and soon it blossoms around 1987 to 1990 where there is a notable rapid expansion of the said company. One of the company’s peak happens when they open another branch at the SM Megamall during 1989. In 1990, Natasha starts as a retail operation in Robinsons Galleria. Following that year till 1993 engraves the start of the Natasha Department Store outlets in Cinderella stores as well as in Landmark. In April 18, 1994, the group of companies launch its direct-selling marketing plan which is later revised from 1996 to 1997 to a new edge plan which is still used till present. The opening of the first MSE branch which is in Tutuban happens on September 1999. At present, MSE has thirteen branches which includes Tutuban, Dagupan, Alabang, Cubao, Davao, Cebu, Taft Avenue, Bacolod, Isabela, Cagayan de Oro, Starmall Mandaluyong, Pampangga and Imus, which is the location of our study. Although MSE has no mission and vision , it believes that they owe its success most of all to its adherence to its core values, namely customer service, discipline, constant improvement, respect for each other and honesty. MSE is still using its manual system on their transactions that cannot provide the securing and recording of daily transactions, the ability to provide an organized sales reports and the ability to keep track of the inventory, which would be somehow lessen the workload and the ability to keep track of the inventory, which would be somehow lessen the workload of the workers. And because of these problems manual system is very difficult to address. This study aims to dispell these problems by applying modern paradigm and methodologies to solve it and relate these systems synchronously. 2. Statement of the Research Problem MSE being a direct selling company encounters several problems. These problems are: Low Security of Files. There are chances of possibly loosing to data due to absence of citing the access levels in viewing and modifying data. Almost all elements are manually encoded including resultant values from computations. Unable to Monitor Products Thorougly. There are present ncertainties in the system such as assesing the supply if it exceed or is lower number of stocks. Without overseeing the quantity, updating the stocks from the supplier will have a delay which will eventually might run out and could lead to out of stock or phase out. Lackadaisical Report Generation. With the existing system, report generation is manual, resulting in unreliab ility or uncertainties in the reports. Reports needed to other succeeding documentations will have a pending state till the reports are finished eventhough there are chances that is overdue in the required time. 1. 3 Statement of Objectives . 3. 1 General Objectives To develop an Online Sales and Inventory System for Marikina Shoe Exchange. 1. 3. 2 Specific Objectives 1. To analyze and determine the problems and the factorsof the existing system through the use of data flow diagrams. 2. To gather every detail and information required to make the system. 3. To make a system that will catch the the attention and interest of the user. 4. To make meaningful functionalities and features which are user-friendly. 5. To train the users particularly the assigned personnel on how to use the system at ease. 6. To create a database that will store significant datas in online ordering and as well as the inventory. 4. Significance of the Study This study will provide some merits to certain group of individuals. Some who will benefit the study are: Company. By this study, the gap between the customers and the company be shorten, increasing the incoming orders as well as the company’s productivity over time. They can also promote their products everywhere and everytime. Employee. Employees will have lesser work in maintaining their inventory as all orders description and others details are stored in the database. They can easily monitor all incoming orders as well as their remaining stocks and can minimize the cost of receipt generation. Customer. Through this study, the customer will be ensured with convenience in ordering their desired products, as well as being updated to the latest releases of trends and the recent promos, can pay through the net and get their orders on their doorsteps. Proponents. The proponent can have a wider understanding about how does processes in a system cycle throughout the supplier-business-customer relationship. They can also gain knowledge on strategic decisions on how to handle problems encountered by the company and how to formulate the proper solutions. Future Researchers. The future researchers will have ample ideas on how to deal problems in their researches especially those who will have the same topic. Using this research as a guideline, it can aid them in documentations and how to interrelate each concepts to mend the milestones of each activity. 1. 5 Scope and Limitations of the Study Front End. The front-end part of the system is the website which will be seen or used by the customers. The proponents will create a user friendly Website for Marikina Shoe Exchange that will enable users to view and order products online. Through this site, customers will be able register, view products, and receive notifications regarding new promos, and order products online. The Website will be updated regularly to provide excellent customer service. Back End. To make the inventory process of the company easier, the proposed system will include a database system that will lessen the errors made by manual inventory checking. The employee will simply input the number of stocks at hand. If the quantity of a certain product is below the normal level of the number of stocks, the employee will be notified to ensure that they have a good amount of stocks for a certain product. The proposed system will also provide security; only authorized employees will be able to check the database to avoid the risk of other people accessing the inventory files. Maintenance. The proponents will provide a certain device that will serve as the back-up of the proposed system. The said system will also be easy to maintain; all required information is stored in one database. Delivery. Delivery rates will depend on how far the customer is located and will also depend on the total amount of the customers’ ordered products. Mode of Payment. Since the customers ordered online, payment will be made through credit card. Registered customers will be asked to provide a credit card line and number to be able to order products online. This mode of payment is guaranteed on its convenience. 6. Methodology of the Study [pic] One way to reduce cycle time is to use phased development. The system is designed so that it can be delivered in pieces, enabling the users to have some functionality while the rest is being developed. Thus, there are usually two systems functioning in parallel: the production system and the development system. The operational or production sytem is the one currently being used by the customer and user; the development system is the next version that is being prepared to replace the current production system. Often, we refer to the systems in terms of their release numbers: the developers build Release 1, test it, and turn it over the users as the first operational release. Then, as the users use Release 1, the developers are building Release 2. Thus, the developers are always working on Release n + 1 while Release n is operational. There are many ways for the developers to decide how to organize development into releases. The two most popular approaches are incremental development and iterative development. In incremental development, the system as specified in the requirements documents is partitioned into subsystems by functionality. The releases are defined by beginning with one small, functional subsystem and then adding functionality with each new release. However, iterative development delivers a full system at the very beginning and then changes the fuctionality of each subsystem with each new release.

Online BSN Degree Forensic Pediatric Nurses Protect Human Rights of Children 2019

Forensic nurses act as a vital link between medicine and law in the criminal justice system. Cases involving elder abuse, child neglect, gun shot wounds, and sexual abuse may all be investigated by forensic nurses. Some nurses are now choosing to earn an online BSN degree to become better qualified to work with childrens human rights issues as a Forensic Pediatric Nurse. What is a Forensic Pediatric Nurse? Forensic Pediatric Nurses care for and investigate cases involving children. A Forensic Pediatric Nurse is charged with the protection of the human rights of children. In order to specialize in this type of work, a Forensic Pediatric Nurse is often a graduate with an online BSN degree. What does a Forensic Pediatric Nurse investigate? Human rights issues most commonly encountered by Forensic Pediatric Nurses include child abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Examples of the duties performed by a Forensic Pediatric Nurse are administering a pelvic exam to a suspected victim of child molestation or investigating the circumstances surrounding an unexpected infant death. Online BSN degree graduates who work as Forensic Pediatric Nurses typically are employed in pediatric departments of hospitals, others enter into private practice. .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb:active, .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u36fc32eed1a7529ee8c0f6e9b90559fb:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Health Care School of HawaiiRequired Education to Become a Forensic Pediatric Nurse Forensic Pediatric Nurses must be licensed as Registered Nurses in the U.S. Licensure may be obtained through a hospital diploma, associate degree, or campus or online BSN degree program. BSN schools, such as Kaplan University, offer a Forensic Nursing Certificate Program that provides essential training in forensic sciences. Kaplans bachelor of science nursing online program also offers students the opportunity to pursue a specialty within the field of nursing, such as pediatric nursing. Prospective students who are interested in more information about a career as a Forensic Pediatric Nurse may visit the International Association of Forensic Nurses website. Related ArticlesOnline RN to BSN Program Forensic Psychiatric Nurses Serve a Vital Role in the Criminal Justice SystemBachelor Degree Nursing Online Program Forensic Corrections Nurses Provide Needed Treatment to InmatesAccelerated BSN Program Forensic Geriatric Nurses Investigate Cases of Elder AbuseBachelor of Science Nursing Specialty Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners Care for Victims and Investigate CrimeEducational Psychology Academic-Minded Psychology Students Wanted in the Field of Educational PsychologyBachelor Degree Nursing Specialties Forensic Nurse Investigators Apply Medical Knowledge to Crime Scenes .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983:active, .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u78316d9ab88978806beb92d5a5b15983:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The IT Security Industry

Usf Contemporary Art Museum Visit Museum - 1537 Words

USF Contemporary Art Museum : Visit Artwork Analysis Admission: FREE, but USF parking permits are required and available in the CAM parking lot. â€Å"Untitled #4† was created by Larry Bell in 1974. This artwork is found in USF Contemporary Art Museum in Tampa, Florida. It stands 84 x 42 inches tall. This is a series of five color screen print with flocking. This piece is a screen print painting. When I look at this work I saw a print of a nude distorted woman posing. The perception is manipulated to look like she is coming out of her body or maybe reflecting in a spiritual state. Its silkscreen and thick pink flocking looks like it was made of glitter but I looked closer I can tell it’s just an illusion created by velvet- like material called flocking. It’s 2-D art, but it’s like the carnival â€Å"funhouse† mirrors, distorting the reflection image. The median and tools are screen print. The technique used to create the artwork is a new style called â€Å"Finish Fetish†, which are high glossed polish and velvet surfaces. This was a reflection of Los Angeles aesthetic of Hollywood and technology. Larry Bell used a motorized camera that can photograph at 360 degrees. By using this camera, he achieved distortion by the movement of his camera with opened shutters. This enhances the â€Å"funhouse effect† of the nude women. The silkscreen and thick pink flocking gave it a hint of the sixties psychedelic feel. Evaluating this image, the form or organization of this art is the camera